These medications cause a dramatic increase in central nervous system activity and are commonly called "speed." Amphetamines include the prescription medications such as amphetamine salts (Adderall), methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine). These are commonly used for the treatment of attention deficit disorder (ADD) / attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy and severe fatigue and used as diet aids but are commonly abused by students to aid in study or to just get "high." Cocaine and methamphetamine have similar effects just much stronger and associated with a higher rate of addiction but no accepted medical use.
Overdose Symptoms
Overdose can include:
- Abnormal heart rhythm and possible heart attack
- Anxiety
- A form of muscle breakdown called rhabdomyolysis
- Hallucinations
- Kidney failure
- Paranoia
- Seizures
- Shortness of breath
Intoxication Symptoms
Signs of intoxication may include:
- Bruxism (grinding of teeth)
- Chronic rhinitis (constant runny nose)
- Euphoria (increased alertness, energy, sociability or appetite)
- Increased heart rate and respirations
- Increased libido or impotence
- Twitching or involuntary movements
Withdrawal Symptoms
Signs of withdrawal may include:
- Anxiety
- Craving for more stimulants
- Depression and suicidal thoughts
- Fatigue
- Impaired concentration and thinking
- Increased appetite
- Insomnia